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Traditional Indian medicine, herb Salacia oblonga may help
treat diabetes Posted By: News-Medical in Medical Study News
Published: Tuesday, 8-Feb-2005 Printer Friendly Email to a
Friend : : : : Herbs used in traditional Indian medicine to
treat diabetes seems to lower blood sugar and insulin levels
in a manner similar to prescription drugs, a new study
reports. Researchers gave extracts of the herb Salacia oblonga
to 39 healthy adults, and the results were promising. The
largest dose of the herb extract – 1,000 milligrams –
decreased insulin and blood glucose levels by 29 and 23
percent, respectively. : : "These kinds of reductions are
similar to what we might see with prescription oral
medications for people with diabetes," said Steve Hertzler, a
study co-author and an assistant professor of nutrition at
Ohio State University. : : Salacia oblonga, which is native to
regions of India and Sri Lanka, binds to intestinal enzymes
that break down carbohydrates in the body. These enzymes,
called alpha-glucosidases, turn carbohydrates into glucose,
the sugar that circulates throughout the body. If the enzyme
binds to the herbal extract rather than to a carbohydrate,
then less glucose gets into the blood stream, resulting in
lowered blood glucose and insulin levels. : : "Lowering blood
glucose levels lowers the risk of disease-related
complications in people with diabetes," Hertzler said. "Also,
poor compliance with diabetes medications often hinders the
effectiveness of these drugs. It may be easier to get someone
to take an herb with food or in a beverage, as opposed to a
pill." : : The study appears in a recent issue of the Journal
of the American Dietetic Association. : : Thirty-nine healthy
adults participated in four separate meal tolerance tests.
These meals, which were given in beverage form, were spaced
three to 14 days apart. Each participant fasted for at least
10 hours before consuming the test beverage. : : Participants
were asked to drink about two cups' worth of the chilled
beverage, which contained zero, 500, 700 or 1,000 milligrams
of Salacia oblonga extract. Afterward, the researchers used
the finger-prick method to draw blood samples from each person
every 15 to 30 minutes for three hours. These blood samples
were used to determine insulin and blood glucose
concentrations. The biggest changes in blood glucose and
insulin levels usually happen within the first two hours after
eating. : : The beverage that contained the highest
concentration of the herbal extract – 1,000 milligrams –
provided the most dramatic reduction in insulin and blood
glucose levels. Insulin levels were 29 percent lower, while
blood glucose levels were 23 percent lower as compared to the
control drink, which contained no herbal extract. : : As
Salacia oblonga can cause intestinal gas, the researchers had
the study participants collect breath hydrogen samples hourly
for eight hours after drinking the test beverage. The
participants collected their breath in small plastic tubes.
The researchers then analyzed these breath samples for
hydrogen and methane content – the level of either substance
in the breath corresponds to the level contained in the colon.
: : The subjects also rated the frequency and intensity of
nausea, abdominal cramping and distention and gas for two days
after consuming each test meal. : : While the test beverages
containing Salacia oblonga caused an increase in breath
hydrogen excretion, reports of gastrointestinal discomfort
were minimal, Hertzler said. : : Right now he and his
colleagues are trying to figure out what dose of the herb is
most effective, and when it should be taken relative to a
meal. : : "We want to know how long it takes for the herb to
bind to the enzymes that break down carbohydrates," Hertzler
said. "The participants in this study took the herb with their
meal, but maybe taking it before eating would be even more
effective." : : The researchers also want to study the effects
of Salacia oblonga in people with diabetes. : : "A lot of
studies show that lowering blood sugar levels reduces the risk
for all kinds of diabetes-related complications, such as
kidney disease and nerve and eye damage," Hertzler said. "We
want to see if this herb has this kind of effect." : : Salacia
oblonga is still relatively difficult to find in the United
States, Hertzler said, although there are manufacturers that
sell the herb through the Internet. : : This study was
supported by the Ross Products Division of Abbott Laboratories
in Columbus. : : Hertzler is continuing to conduct Salacia
oblonga studies with the Ross Products Division of Abbott
Laboratories. He has no links to the company beyond this
affiliation. : : Hertzler conducted the work with former Ohio
State colleague Patricia Heacock, who is now at Rutgers, the
State University of New Jersey; Jennifer Williams, a clinical
scientist with Ross Products Division, Abbott Laboratories;
and Bryan Wolf, a former research scientists with Ross
Products Division
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